Jakarta, October 28, 2026 – Inequality in land and marine fishing area control in Indonesia's coastal areas continues to widen the poverty gap and marginalize vulnerable groups, especially fisherwomen and indigenous women. In a public forum entitled "Tenurial Meeting Circle: Certainty of Living Space for Gender-Responsive Coastal Communities for Food Sovereignty" organized by Landesa Indonesia in collaboration with the Gender Studies Study Program of the Graduate School of Sustainable Development, University of Indonesia (SPPB UI) and the Indonesian Traditional Fishermen's Union (KNTI) in Jakarta on Tuesday (10/27/2026), experts, academics, activists, and representatives of coastal women called for a real integration between tenure certainty, gender equality, and national food sovereignty.

Governance of land access, control, and ownership is influenced by social relations, including gender relations. This implies that a gender and social inclusion (GESI) perspective is crucial in understanding land and natural resource rights and management. In Indonesia, gender and other social relations (e.g., ethnicity, socioeconomic class, social class, age, religion, marital status) operate within distinct but interconnected land and natural resource governance structures, ranging from the nuclear family, extended family/clan, community, market, and state. This Rapid Assessment seeks to understand how gender and other social dimensions shape land and natural resource governance and rights, and their relationship to food security and environmental protection in inland areas or mangrove conservation in coastal areas in Indonesia. This assessment focuses on land and natural resource governance in Other Use Areas (APL).

Land administration is a government policy that regulates the legal relationships between land and individuals, as stipulated in the 1945 Constitution and outlined in the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA). Land registration administration is one of the priority programs of national land policy. This policy is part of the implementation of the 2000 agrarian reform through People's Consultative Assembly Decree No. IX of 2000 concerning agrarian reform and natural resource management. Within this framework, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning (ATR BPN), as the entity responsible for and implementing land management and stewardship in Indonesia, ensures that, in Regulation No. 7 of 2020 concerning the Strategic Plan of the Ministry of ATR BPN, the registration of all land parcels in Indonesia will be completed by 2025.

This report provides an in-depth study on five key issues in the Nusantara Capital City (IKN), namely, (i) the bundle of rights, (ii) land tenure administration, (iii) disparities in land tenure, (iv) conflict over natural resources, and (v) traditional practices of environmental conservation in coastal areas within protected and cultivation areas. This study focuses on the mangrove area, which in the IKN area covers an area of 11.668 hectares.